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Kejadian
18:1 Kemudian TUHAN menampakkan diri kepada Abraham dekat pohon tarbantin di Mamre, sedang ia duduk di pintu kemahnya waktu hari panas terik.
18:2 Ketika ia mengangkat mukanya, ia melihat tiga orang berdiri di depannya. Sesudah dilihatnya mereka, ia berlari dari pintu kemahnya menyongsong mereka, lalu sujudlah ia sampai ke tanah,
18:10 Dan firman-Nya: "Sesungguhnya Aku akan kembali tahun depan mendapatkan engkau, pada waktu itulah Sara, isterimu, akan mempunyai seorang anak laki-laki." Dan Sara mendengarkan pada pintu kemah yang di belakang-Nya.
18:33 Lalu pergilah TUHAN, setelah Ia selesai berfirman kepada Abraham; dan kembalilah Abraham ke tempat tinggalnya.
18:1 Kemudian TUHAN menampakkan diri kepada Abraham dekat pohon tarbantin di Mamre, sedang ia duduk di pintu kemahnya waktu hari panas terik.
18:2 Ketika ia mengangkat mukanya, ia melihat tiga orang berdiri di depannya. Sesudah dilihatnya mereka, ia berlari dari pintu kemahnya menyongsong mereka, lalu sujudlah ia sampai ke tanah,
18:10 Dan firman-Nya: "Sesungguhnya Aku akan kembali tahun depan mendapatkan engkau, pada waktu itulah Sara, isterimu, akan mempunyai seorang anak laki-laki." Dan Sara mendengarkan pada pintu kemah yang di belakang-Nya.
18:33 Lalu pergilah TUHAN, setelah Ia selesai berfirman kepada Abraham; dan kembalilah Abraham ke tempat tinggalnya.
Dari sinilah asal muasal agama-agama yang menganut Tritheism
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Abraham:
Born: 1948 Anno Mundi (early 2nd millennium BCE) Mesopotamia (Irak)
Arti nama: Bapak banyak orang/bangsa
Orang tua: Terah (ayah)
Istri: Sara, Hagar, Ketura
Anak: Ismael (dari Hagar), Ishak (dari Sara), dan Zimran, Yoksan, Medan, Median, Ishak, Syuah (dari Ketura), Lot (keponakan)
Saudara: Nahor dan Haran (laki-laki), Sara (perempuan, tiri)
Tempat lahir: Ur Kasdim
Tempat mati: Dekat Hebron di Kanaan
Umur: 175 tahun
Abraham (Hebrew: אַבְרָהָם, Modern Avraham Tiberian ʼAḇrāhām, Arabic: إبراهيم, Ibrāhīm, ʼAbrəham, Greek: Aβραάμ), whose birth name was Abram, is the eponymous father of the Abrahamic religions, such as Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, and of the Israelites, Ishmaelites,Edomites, and the Midianites, according to both the Hebrew Bible and the Qur'an.
It is generally recognised by scholars that there is nothing in the Genesis stories that can be related to the history of Canaan of the early 2nd millennium: none of the kings mentioned is known, Abimelech could not be a Philistine (they did not arrive till centuries later), Ur could not become known as "Ur of the Chaldeans" until the early 1st millennium, and Laban could not have been an Aramean, as the Arameans did not become an identifiable political entity until the 12th century. Joseph Blenkinsopp, Emeritus Professor of Biblical Studies at the University of Notre Dame, notes that the past four of five decades have seen a growing consensus that the Genesis narrative of Abraham originated from literary circles of the 6th and 5th centuries BCE as a mirror of the situation facing the Jewish community under the Babylonian and early Persian empires. Blenkinsopp describes two conclusions about Abraham that are widely held in biblical scholarship: the first is that, except in the triad "Abraham, Isaac and Jacob," he is not clearly and unambiguously attested in the Bible earlier than the Babylonian exile (he does not, for example, appear in prophetic texts earlier than that time); the second is that he became, in the Persian period, a model for those who would return from Babylon to Judah. Beyond this the Abraham story (and those of Isaac and Jacob/Israel) served a theological purpose following the destruction of Jerusalem, the Temple and the Davidic kingship: despite the loss of these things, Yahweh's dealings with the ancestors provided a historical foundation on which hope for the future could be built. There is basic agreement that his connection with Haran, Shechem and Bethel is secondary and originated when he became identified as the father of Jacob and ancestor of the northern tribes; his association with Mamre and Hebron, on the other hand (in the south, in the territory of Jerusalem and Judah), suggest that this region was the original home of his cult.
Terah
Terah or Térach (Hebrew: תֶּרַח / תָּרַח, Modern Téraḥ / Táraḥ Tiberian Téraḥ / Tāraḥ ; "Ibex, wild goat", or "Wanderer; loiterer"). Most of what is told about Terah is recorded in Genesis 11:26-28. Terah's father was Nahor, son of Serug, descendants of Shem. They and many of their ancestors were polytheistic. Regarding his children, Terah had three sons: Abram, Haran, and Nahor II. He also had a daughter Sarai, by another wife or perhaps concubine. The entire family, including grandchildren, lived in Ur of the Chaldees. One of his grandchildren was Lot, whose father Haran, Terah's son, died while living in Ur.
Terah's son, Abram, had an encounter with God who directed him to take the entire family and leave Ur to the land of Canaan. Terah coordinated the journey intending to go to this new land, however, he ended up staying in Haran (biblical place),[v.31] a city that was along the way. He died in Haran at 205 years of age.
Hagar
Hagar (Hebrew: הָגָר, Modern Hagar Tiberian Hāḡār, “Stranger"; Greek: Άγαρ Agar; Latin: Agar; Urdu: Hājra; Arabic: هاجر; Hājar), according to the Abrahamic faiths, was the second wife of Abraham, (Genesis 16:3) and the mother of his first son, Ishmael, Her story is recorded in the Book of Genesis, mentioned in Hadith, and alluded to in the Qur'an. Hagar's son, Ishmael, is the patriarch of the Ishmaelites.
Hagar was an Egyptian handmaiden of Sarai, the first wife of Abram, who served her mistress less than ten years since coming out of Egypt. Hagar was offered, by her mistress, to Abram to be as a second “wife”. Sarai presented this offering to her husband because she had been barren for so long and sought a way to fulfill God's promise, especially since they were getting older. (Genesis 16:1-3)
When Hagar realized that she was pregnant, she began to despise her mistress. Sarai sensed her servant’s attitude which caused her to suffer greatly. Sarai then consulted her husband about the matter who gave her permission to do with Hagar as she felt was necessary. Thus Sarai did accordingly, which resulted in Hagar fleeing from Abram’s settlement. (Genesis 16:4-6)
Hagar fled into the desert on her way to Shur. En route, an angel of Yahweh appeared to Hagar at the well of a spring. He instructed her to return to Sarai her mistress, so that she may bear a child who "shall be a wild donkey of a man, his hand against everyone and everyone's hand against him, and he shall dwell over against all his kinsmen." Then she was told to call her son: Ishmael. Afterward, Hagar referred to God as "El-roi," meaning that she had gone on seeing after God saw her. From that day, the well was called Beer-lahai-roi. She then did as she was instructed by returning to Abram in order to have her child. When Abram was eighty-six years of age, Hagar gave birth to his firstborn son named Ishmael.
Ismael
Ishmael (Hebrew: יִשְׁמָעֵאל, Modern Yishma'el Tiberian Yišmāʻēl Yišmaˁel; Greek: Ισμαήλ Ismaēl; Latin: Ismael; Arabic: إسماعيل ʼIsmāʻīl) is a figure in the Hebrew Bible, and later referenced in the Qur'an. Jews, Christians and Muslims believe Ishmael is Abraham's eldest son and first born. Ishmael is born of Sarah's handmaiden Hagar (Genesis 16:3). Although born of Hagar, according to Mesopotamian law, Ishmael was credited as Sarah's son; a legal heir through marriage. (Genesis 16:2) According to the Genesis account, he died at the age of 137 (Genesis 25:17).
Sarah
Sarah or Sara (pronounced /ˈsɛərə/; Hebrew: שָׂרָה, Modern Sara Tiberian Śārā Śarra; Latin: Sara; Arabic: سارة) was the wife of Abraham and the mother of Isaac as described in the Hebrew Bible and the Quran. Her name was originally Sarai. According to Genesis 17:15 God changed her name to Sarah as part of a covenant with Yahweh after Hagar bore Abraham his son Ishmael. The Hebrew name Sarah indicates a woman of high rank and is sometimes translated as "princess". It also means "lady."
Sarah was the wife of Abraham, as well as being his half-sister, the daughter of his father Terah (Genesis 20:12). The Talmud identifies Sarai with Iscah, daughter of Abraham's deceased brother Haran (Genesis 11:29), so that Sarah turns out to be the niece of Abraham and the sister of Lot and Milcah. She was considered beautiful to the point that Abraham feared that when they were near more powerful rulers she would be taken away and given to another man. Twice he purposefully identified her as being only his sister so that he would be "treated well" for her sake. It is apparent that she remained attractive into her later years. Despite her great beauty, she was barren for an unknown reason. She was originally called "Sarai" which is translated "my princess." Later she was called "Sarah" i.e., princess." In Biblical times, the changing of one's name was significant and used to symbolize the binding of a covenant. In this case, God promised to put an end to her barrenness and give her a child (Isaac).
Isaac
Isaac (English pronunciation: /ˈaɪzək/; Hebrew: יִצְחָק, Modern Yitsẖak Tiberian Yiṣḥāq, Yiçḥaq, "he will laugh"; Yiddish: יצחק, Yitskhok;Ancient Greek: Ἰσαάκ, Isaak; Latin: Isaac; Arabic: إسحٰق or Arabic: إسحاق ʼIsḥāq) as described in the Hebrew Bible, was the only son Abraham had with his wife Sarah, and was the father of Jacob and Esau. Isaac is one of the three patriarchs of the Jewish people. According to the Book of Genesis, Abraham was 100 years old when Isaac was born, and Sarah was beyond childbearing years.
Isaac was the only Biblical patriarch whose name was not changed, and the only one who did not leave Canaan. Compared to those of Abraham and Jacob, Isaac's story relates fewer incidents of his life. He died when he was 180 years old, making him the longest-lived patriarch.
Keturah:
Keturah or Ketura (Hebrew: קְטוּרָה, Modern Ktura Tiberian Qəṭûrā ; "Incense"). In the eighteenth century, some writers believed that Keturah was the ancestor of African peoples, thereby explaining the similarities between some African and Jewish customs. Olaudah Equiano cites John Gill's claim to this effect in his Interesting Narrative.
Reb Yakov Leib HaKohain states (as part of Donmeh West teaching) that the children of Keturah moved Eastwards and were ancestors to the religions of Hinduism, Buddhism and Shinto, which then should be counted as Abrahamic religions.
Zimran
Zimran (Hebrew: זִמְרָן ; "vine dresser; celebrated; song;"), also known as Zambran. "Abraham contrived to settle them in colonies; and they took possession of Troglodytis and the country of Happy Arabia, as far as it reaches to the Red Sea." Abraham, in all probability, tried to keep them apart from Isaac to avoid conflict while fulfilling God's commission to spread out and inhabit the globe. For such reasons Zimran has also been tentatively identified by some with the Arabian town of Zabran, between Meeca and Medina.
Son: Abihen, Molich, Narim
Jokshan
Jokshan ("an offense", "hardness", or "a knocking") . Jokshan became the father of Sheba and Dedan. Dedan had three sons, named Asshurim, Letushim, and Leummim. His descendants settled on the Syrian borders about the territory of Edom. They probably led a pastoral life.
Dedan, The word Dedan means "low ground". The people are called Dedanim or Dedanites. In the latter meaning, is first mentioned in the Book of Ezekiel, (Chapters 27 and 38). Chapter 27 is a roster of the trading partners of the city of Tyre (today in modern Lebanon), where Dedan is noted as a nation or kingdom which traded in saddle blankets (Ezekiel 27:20).
The oasis kingdom is also mentioned in the prophetic vision of the war of Gog and Magog (Ezekiel 38; see also, Revelation 20:8), and appears to be a nation of significance in this end-times prophecy of Ezekiel.
In Ezekiel 38:13, Dedan is joined with Sheba, and "Tarshish and all her strong lions", all these nations joining together to inquire of the advancing armies of Gog: "Have you come to plunder? Have you gathered your hordes to loot, to carry off silver and gold, to take away livestock and goods and to seize much plunder?"
Now known as Al Ula in northern Saudi Arabia, known to the ancient Greeks and Romans as Hijra, Hegra or Egra, the former is about the same distance, about 250 miles north fromMedina as Medina is north of Mecca. The location where the extinct tribe of Thamud used to dwell.
In the ruins of the old city there are inscriptions that indicate the Dedanites were preceded by a Minean settlement. The Mineans established a center at this desert oasis in order to protect the incense trade.
Sheba (Arabic: سبأ, Sabaʼ, Hebrew: שבא, Sh'va, Ge'ez, Amharic, Tigrinya: ሳባ, Saba) was a kingdom mentioned in the Jewish scriptures (Old Testament) and the Qur'an. The actual location of the historical kingdom is disputed, with modern evidence tending toward Yemen in southern Arabia, but other scholars argue for a location in either present-day Eritreaor Ethiopia. Since the two territories are separated by a narrow channel it is possible that at various times the kingdom included territory in both Yemen and Ethiopia, and may be equated with the Sabean kingdom.
Sheba is mentioned several times in the Bible. For instance, in the Table of Nations (Genesis 10:7), Sheba, along with Dedan, is listed as a descendant of Noah's son Ham (as sons ofRaamah son of Cush). In Genesis 25:3, Sheba and Dedan are listed as names of sons of Jokshan, son of Abraham. Another Sheba is listed in the Table of Nations (Genesis 10:28) as a son of Joktan, another descendant of Noah's son Shem. Yet another Sheba is mentioned in 2 Samuel 20:1-22 who rebelled against King David, was beheaded and his head thrown over the wall by the people in the city of Abel in order to save their lives. Isaiah's prophecy, "all they from Sheba shall come: they shall bring gold and incense" (Isaiah 60:6), is understood as a prediction of the Biblical Magi bringing gifts of gold, myrrh and frankincense to the newborn JESUS.
In Ethiopian Orthodox tradition, the third of these Shebas (Joktan's son) is considered the primary ancestor of the original Semitic component in their ethnogenesis, while Sabtah andSabtecah, sons of Cush, are considered the ancestors of the Cushitic element.
Jewish-Roman historian Josephus describes a place called Saba as a walled, royal city of Ethiopia, which Cambyses afterwards named Meroe. He says "it was both encompassed by the Nile quite round, and the other rivers, Astapus and Astaboras" offering protection from both foreign armies and river floods. According to Josephus it was the conquering of Saba that brought great fame to a young Egyptian Prince, simultaneously exposing his personal background as a slave child named Moses.
The Kitab al-Magall ("Book of the Rolls", considered part of Clementine literature) and the Cave of Treasures mention a tradition that after being founded by the children of Saba (son of Joktan), there was a succession of sixty female rulers up until the time of Solomon. The Biblical tradition of the "Queen of Sheba" (named Makeda in Ethiopian tradition and Bilqis in Islamic tradition) makes its first appearance in world literature in 1 Kings 10, describing her as travelling to Jerusalem to behold the fame of King Solomon.
Owing to the connection with the Queen of Sheba, the location has thus become closely linked with national prestige, as various royal houses have claimed descent from the Queen of Sheba and Solomon. The most vigorous claimant has been Ethiopia and Eritrea, where Sheba was traditionally linked with the ancient Axumite Kingdom.
Madan
Medan (Hebrew: מְדָ֥ן "contention; to twist, conflict") the Madan people of Iran and Iraq.
Midian
Midian (Hebrew: מִדְיָן), Madyan (Arabic: مدين), or Madiam (Greek: Μαδιάμ, Μαδιανίτης for a Midianite). Extended from the eastern shores of the Sinai peninsula to the deserts east of the Gulf of Aqabah, Edom and Moab. The Midianites were nomadic shepherds who traveled in small bands with their goats and sheep and camels in the dry season and moved into larger groups during the lambing or wet season. They lived in tents of goat hair and ate mostly bread, baked in hot charcoals and sand, and dairy products. Their clothing was loose and baggy, both sexes wore tunics, those of the women being thinner with slits running through the sides and a veil covered the head.
Ishbak
Ishbak (Hebrew: ish'băk; "he will leave; leaving"), also spelt Jisbak and Josabak . His descendants is the people identified in a cuneiform inscription to a people know as Jasbuqu.
Shuah
Shuah (Hebrew: שוח "ditch; swimming; humiliation". Shuah have turned northward and travelled into northern Mesopotamia, in what is now the northern region of modern day Syria. As evidenced bycuneiform texts, the land seems to have been named after him, being known as the land of Sûchu which lies to the south of ancientHittite capital of Carchemish on the Euphrates river.
The Bible also records that the character Job had a friend who was a Shuhite.
Haran or Aran (Hebrew: הָרָן, Modern: Hārān, son of Terah, was a Semite from the line of Shem. He fathered two daughters: Milcah and Iscah, and a son: Lot, the biblical person who fled Sodom and Gomorrah. Haran also had two brothers: Nahor, who married his daughter Milcah, and another brother Abram, the patriarch Abraham. Haran and his immediate family are mentioned in the genealogical account of Terah, as recorded in Genesis 11:27-32. In this account, Haran is said to have died in the presence of his father Terah, while they were living inUr Kaśdim. After Haran's death, at the direction of his brother Abram, their father Terah coordinated the family to embark on a journey to the land of Canaan. In route, the family settled at a site called Charan חָרָן (Heb) in the region of Paddan Aram or Aram Naharaim.
Nahor, Nachor, or Naghor (Heb. נָחֹור Naḥor) in the account of Terah's family, mentioned in Gen.11:26-32, Nahor II is listed as the son of Terah, amongst two other brothers, Abram and Haran. His grandfather was Nahor I, son of Serug. Nahor married the daughter of his brother Haran, Milcah, his niece. They were all born and raised in the city of Ur. When Abram, had an encounter with God, this brother directed his family to leave their native land and go to the land of Canaan. Terah, their father, coordinated the gathering of his family to journey west to their destination. They followed the Euphrates River, with their herds, to the Padan-Aram region. This was about halfway along the Fertile Crescent between Mesopotamia and the Mediterranean, in what is now southeastern Turkey. In this region, Nahor and his family settled except for his brother Haran, who had died sometime ago back in Ur. The city where they settled, Haran, is the place that Nahor's father eventually died.
Lot (Hebrew: לוֹט, Modern Lot Tiberian Lôṭ ; "veil"; "hidden, covered") is a character from the Book of Genesis chapters 11-14 and 19, in the Hebrew Bible. Notable episodes in his life include his travels with his uncle Abram (Abraham, the Patriarch of Israel); his flight from the Kingdom of Sodom, in the course of which Lot's wife looked back and turned into a pillar of salt; and the seduction by his daughters so that they could bear children.
Born: 1948 Anno Mundi (early 2nd millennium BCE) Mesopotamia (Irak)
Arti nama: Bapak banyak orang/bangsa
Orang tua: Terah (ayah)
Istri: Sara, Hagar, Ketura
Anak: Ismael (dari Hagar), Ishak (dari Sara), dan Zimran, Yoksan, Medan, Median, Ishak, Syuah (dari Ketura), Lot (keponakan)
Saudara: Nahor dan Haran (laki-laki), Sara (perempuan, tiri)
Tempat lahir: Ur Kasdim
Tempat mati: Dekat Hebron di Kanaan
Umur: 175 tahun
Abraham (Hebrew: אַבְרָהָם, Modern Avraham Tiberian ʼAḇrāhām, Arabic: إبراهيم, Ibrāhīm, ʼAbrəham, Greek: Aβραάμ), whose birth name was Abram, is the eponymous father of the Abrahamic religions, such as Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, and of the Israelites, Ishmaelites,Edomites, and the Midianites, according to both the Hebrew Bible and the Qur'an.
It is generally recognised by scholars that there is nothing in the Genesis stories that can be related to the history of Canaan of the early 2nd millennium: none of the kings mentioned is known, Abimelech could not be a Philistine (they did not arrive till centuries later), Ur could not become known as "Ur of the Chaldeans" until the early 1st millennium, and Laban could not have been an Aramean, as the Arameans did not become an identifiable political entity until the 12th century. Joseph Blenkinsopp, Emeritus Professor of Biblical Studies at the University of Notre Dame, notes that the past four of five decades have seen a growing consensus that the Genesis narrative of Abraham originated from literary circles of the 6th and 5th centuries BCE as a mirror of the situation facing the Jewish community under the Babylonian and early Persian empires. Blenkinsopp describes two conclusions about Abraham that are widely held in biblical scholarship: the first is that, except in the triad "Abraham, Isaac and Jacob," he is not clearly and unambiguously attested in the Bible earlier than the Babylonian exile (he does not, for example, appear in prophetic texts earlier than that time); the second is that he became, in the Persian period, a model for those who would return from Babylon to Judah. Beyond this the Abraham story (and those of Isaac and Jacob/Israel) served a theological purpose following the destruction of Jerusalem, the Temple and the Davidic kingship: despite the loss of these things, Yahweh's dealings with the ancestors provided a historical foundation on which hope for the future could be built. There is basic agreement that his connection with Haran, Shechem and Bethel is secondary and originated when he became identified as the father of Jacob and ancestor of the northern tribes; his association with Mamre and Hebron, on the other hand (in the south, in the territory of Jerusalem and Judah), suggest that this region was the original home of his cult.
Terah
Terah or Térach (Hebrew: תֶּרַח / תָּרַח, Modern Téraḥ / Táraḥ Tiberian Téraḥ / Tāraḥ ; "Ibex, wild goat", or "Wanderer; loiterer"). Most of what is told about Terah is recorded in Genesis 11:26-28. Terah's father was Nahor, son of Serug, descendants of Shem. They and many of their ancestors were polytheistic. Regarding his children, Terah had three sons: Abram, Haran, and Nahor II. He also had a daughter Sarai, by another wife or perhaps concubine. The entire family, including grandchildren, lived in Ur of the Chaldees. One of his grandchildren was Lot, whose father Haran, Terah's son, died while living in Ur.
Terah's son, Abram, had an encounter with God who directed him to take the entire family and leave Ur to the land of Canaan. Terah coordinated the journey intending to go to this new land, however, he ended up staying in Haran (biblical place),[v.31] a city that was along the way. He died in Haran at 205 years of age.
Hagar
Hagar (Hebrew: הָגָר, Modern Hagar Tiberian Hāḡār, “Stranger"; Greek: Άγαρ Agar; Latin: Agar; Urdu: Hājra; Arabic: هاجر; Hājar), according to the Abrahamic faiths, was the second wife of Abraham, (Genesis 16:3) and the mother of his first son, Ishmael, Her story is recorded in the Book of Genesis, mentioned in Hadith, and alluded to in the Qur'an. Hagar's son, Ishmael, is the patriarch of the Ishmaelites.
Hagar was an Egyptian handmaiden of Sarai, the first wife of Abram, who served her mistress less than ten years since coming out of Egypt. Hagar was offered, by her mistress, to Abram to be as a second “wife”. Sarai presented this offering to her husband because she had been barren for so long and sought a way to fulfill God's promise, especially since they were getting older. (Genesis 16:1-3)
When Hagar realized that she was pregnant, she began to despise her mistress. Sarai sensed her servant’s attitude which caused her to suffer greatly. Sarai then consulted her husband about the matter who gave her permission to do with Hagar as she felt was necessary. Thus Sarai did accordingly, which resulted in Hagar fleeing from Abram’s settlement. (Genesis 16:4-6)
Hagar fled into the desert on her way to Shur. En route, an angel of Yahweh appeared to Hagar at the well of a spring. He instructed her to return to Sarai her mistress, so that she may bear a child who "shall be a wild donkey of a man, his hand against everyone and everyone's hand against him, and he shall dwell over against all his kinsmen." Then she was told to call her son: Ishmael. Afterward, Hagar referred to God as "El-roi," meaning that she had gone on seeing after God saw her. From that day, the well was called Beer-lahai-roi. She then did as she was instructed by returning to Abram in order to have her child. When Abram was eighty-six years of age, Hagar gave birth to his firstborn son named Ishmael.
Ismael
Ishmael (Hebrew: יִשְׁמָעֵאל, Modern Yishma'el Tiberian Yišmāʻēl Yišmaˁel; Greek: Ισμαήλ Ismaēl; Latin: Ismael; Arabic: إسماعيل ʼIsmāʻīl) is a figure in the Hebrew Bible, and later referenced in the Qur'an. Jews, Christians and Muslims believe Ishmael is Abraham's eldest son and first born. Ishmael is born of Sarah's handmaiden Hagar (Genesis 16:3). Although born of Hagar, according to Mesopotamian law, Ishmael was credited as Sarah's son; a legal heir through marriage. (Genesis 16:2) According to the Genesis account, he died at the age of 137 (Genesis 25:17).
Sarah
Sarah or Sara (pronounced /ˈsɛərə/; Hebrew: שָׂרָה, Modern Sara Tiberian Śārā Śarra; Latin: Sara; Arabic: سارة) was the wife of Abraham and the mother of Isaac as described in the Hebrew Bible and the Quran. Her name was originally Sarai. According to Genesis 17:15 God changed her name to Sarah as part of a covenant with Yahweh after Hagar bore Abraham his son Ishmael. The Hebrew name Sarah indicates a woman of high rank and is sometimes translated as "princess". It also means "lady."
Sarah was the wife of Abraham, as well as being his half-sister, the daughter of his father Terah (Genesis 20:12). The Talmud identifies Sarai with Iscah, daughter of Abraham's deceased brother Haran (Genesis 11:29), so that Sarah turns out to be the niece of Abraham and the sister of Lot and Milcah. She was considered beautiful to the point that Abraham feared that when they were near more powerful rulers she would be taken away and given to another man. Twice he purposefully identified her as being only his sister so that he would be "treated well" for her sake. It is apparent that she remained attractive into her later years. Despite her great beauty, she was barren for an unknown reason. She was originally called "Sarai" which is translated "my princess." Later she was called "Sarah" i.e., princess." In Biblical times, the changing of one's name was significant and used to symbolize the binding of a covenant. In this case, God promised to put an end to her barrenness and give her a child (Isaac).
Isaac
Isaac (English pronunciation: /ˈaɪzək/; Hebrew: יִצְחָק, Modern Yitsẖak Tiberian Yiṣḥāq, Yiçḥaq, "he will laugh"; Yiddish: יצחק, Yitskhok;Ancient Greek: Ἰσαάκ, Isaak; Latin: Isaac; Arabic: إسحٰق or Arabic: إسحاق ʼIsḥāq) as described in the Hebrew Bible, was the only son Abraham had with his wife Sarah, and was the father of Jacob and Esau. Isaac is one of the three patriarchs of the Jewish people. According to the Book of Genesis, Abraham was 100 years old when Isaac was born, and Sarah was beyond childbearing years.
Isaac was the only Biblical patriarch whose name was not changed, and the only one who did not leave Canaan. Compared to those of Abraham and Jacob, Isaac's story relates fewer incidents of his life. He died when he was 180 years old, making him the longest-lived patriarch.
Keturah:
Keturah or Ketura (Hebrew: קְטוּרָה, Modern Ktura Tiberian Qəṭûrā ; "Incense"). In the eighteenth century, some writers believed that Keturah was the ancestor of African peoples, thereby explaining the similarities between some African and Jewish customs. Olaudah Equiano cites John Gill's claim to this effect in his Interesting Narrative.
Reb Yakov Leib HaKohain states (as part of Donmeh West teaching) that the children of Keturah moved Eastwards and were ancestors to the religions of Hinduism, Buddhism and Shinto, which then should be counted as Abrahamic religions.
Zimran
Zimran (Hebrew: זִמְרָן ; "vine dresser; celebrated; song;"), also known as Zambran. "Abraham contrived to settle them in colonies; and they took possession of Troglodytis and the country of Happy Arabia, as far as it reaches to the Red Sea." Abraham, in all probability, tried to keep them apart from Isaac to avoid conflict while fulfilling God's commission to spread out and inhabit the globe. For such reasons Zimran has also been tentatively identified by some with the Arabian town of Zabran, between Meeca and Medina.
Son: Abihen, Molich, Narim
Jokshan
Jokshan ("an offense", "hardness", or "a knocking") . Jokshan became the father of Sheba and Dedan. Dedan had three sons, named Asshurim, Letushim, and Leummim. His descendants settled on the Syrian borders about the territory of Edom. They probably led a pastoral life.
Dedan, The word Dedan means "low ground". The people are called Dedanim or Dedanites. In the latter meaning, is first mentioned in the Book of Ezekiel, (Chapters 27 and 38). Chapter 27 is a roster of the trading partners of the city of Tyre (today in modern Lebanon), where Dedan is noted as a nation or kingdom which traded in saddle blankets (Ezekiel 27:20).
The oasis kingdom is also mentioned in the prophetic vision of the war of Gog and Magog (Ezekiel 38; see also, Revelation 20:8), and appears to be a nation of significance in this end-times prophecy of Ezekiel.
In Ezekiel 38:13, Dedan is joined with Sheba, and "Tarshish and all her strong lions", all these nations joining together to inquire of the advancing armies of Gog: "Have you come to plunder? Have you gathered your hordes to loot, to carry off silver and gold, to take away livestock and goods and to seize much plunder?"
Now known as Al Ula in northern Saudi Arabia, known to the ancient Greeks and Romans as Hijra, Hegra or Egra, the former is about the same distance, about 250 miles north fromMedina as Medina is north of Mecca. The location where the extinct tribe of Thamud used to dwell.
In the ruins of the old city there are inscriptions that indicate the Dedanites were preceded by a Minean settlement. The Mineans established a center at this desert oasis in order to protect the incense trade.
Sheba (Arabic: سبأ, Sabaʼ, Hebrew: שבא, Sh'va, Ge'ez, Amharic, Tigrinya: ሳባ, Saba) was a kingdom mentioned in the Jewish scriptures (Old Testament) and the Qur'an. The actual location of the historical kingdom is disputed, with modern evidence tending toward Yemen in southern Arabia, but other scholars argue for a location in either present-day Eritreaor Ethiopia. Since the two territories are separated by a narrow channel it is possible that at various times the kingdom included territory in both Yemen and Ethiopia, and may be equated with the Sabean kingdom.
Sheba is mentioned several times in the Bible. For instance, in the Table of Nations (Genesis 10:7), Sheba, along with Dedan, is listed as a descendant of Noah's son Ham (as sons ofRaamah son of Cush). In Genesis 25:3, Sheba and Dedan are listed as names of sons of Jokshan, son of Abraham. Another Sheba is listed in the Table of Nations (Genesis 10:28) as a son of Joktan, another descendant of Noah's son Shem. Yet another Sheba is mentioned in 2 Samuel 20:1-22 who rebelled against King David, was beheaded and his head thrown over the wall by the people in the city of Abel in order to save their lives. Isaiah's prophecy, "all they from Sheba shall come: they shall bring gold and incense" (Isaiah 60:6), is understood as a prediction of the Biblical Magi bringing gifts of gold, myrrh and frankincense to the newborn JESUS.
In Ethiopian Orthodox tradition, the third of these Shebas (Joktan's son) is considered the primary ancestor of the original Semitic component in their ethnogenesis, while Sabtah andSabtecah, sons of Cush, are considered the ancestors of the Cushitic element.
Jewish-Roman historian Josephus describes a place called Saba as a walled, royal city of Ethiopia, which Cambyses afterwards named Meroe. He says "it was both encompassed by the Nile quite round, and the other rivers, Astapus and Astaboras" offering protection from both foreign armies and river floods. According to Josephus it was the conquering of Saba that brought great fame to a young Egyptian Prince, simultaneously exposing his personal background as a slave child named Moses.
The Kitab al-Magall ("Book of the Rolls", considered part of Clementine literature) and the Cave of Treasures mention a tradition that after being founded by the children of Saba (son of Joktan), there was a succession of sixty female rulers up until the time of Solomon. The Biblical tradition of the "Queen of Sheba" (named Makeda in Ethiopian tradition and Bilqis in Islamic tradition) makes its first appearance in world literature in 1 Kings 10, describing her as travelling to Jerusalem to behold the fame of King Solomon.
Owing to the connection with the Queen of Sheba, the location has thus become closely linked with national prestige, as various royal houses have claimed descent from the Queen of Sheba and Solomon. The most vigorous claimant has been Ethiopia and Eritrea, where Sheba was traditionally linked with the ancient Axumite Kingdom.
Madan
Medan (Hebrew: מְדָ֥ן "contention; to twist, conflict") the Madan people of Iran and Iraq.
Midian
Midian (Hebrew: מִדְיָן), Madyan (Arabic: مدين), or Madiam (Greek: Μαδιάμ, Μαδιανίτης for a Midianite). Extended from the eastern shores of the Sinai peninsula to the deserts east of the Gulf of Aqabah, Edom and Moab. The Midianites were nomadic shepherds who traveled in small bands with their goats and sheep and camels in the dry season and moved into larger groups during the lambing or wet season. They lived in tents of goat hair and ate mostly bread, baked in hot charcoals and sand, and dairy products. Their clothing was loose and baggy, both sexes wore tunics, those of the women being thinner with slits running through the sides and a veil covered the head.
Ishbak
Ishbak (Hebrew: ish'băk; "he will leave; leaving"), also spelt Jisbak and Josabak . His descendants is the people identified in a cuneiform inscription to a people know as Jasbuqu.
Shuah
Shuah (Hebrew: שוח "ditch; swimming; humiliation". Shuah have turned northward and travelled into northern Mesopotamia, in what is now the northern region of modern day Syria. As evidenced bycuneiform texts, the land seems to have been named after him, being known as the land of Sûchu which lies to the south of ancientHittite capital of Carchemish on the Euphrates river.
The Bible also records that the character Job had a friend who was a Shuhite.
Haran or Aran (Hebrew: הָרָן, Modern: Hārān, son of Terah, was a Semite from the line of Shem. He fathered two daughters: Milcah and Iscah, and a son: Lot, the biblical person who fled Sodom and Gomorrah. Haran also had two brothers: Nahor, who married his daughter Milcah, and another brother Abram, the patriarch Abraham. Haran and his immediate family are mentioned in the genealogical account of Terah, as recorded in Genesis 11:27-32. In this account, Haran is said to have died in the presence of his father Terah, while they were living inUr Kaśdim. After Haran's death, at the direction of his brother Abram, their father Terah coordinated the family to embark on a journey to the land of Canaan. In route, the family settled at a site called Charan חָרָן (Heb) in the region of Paddan Aram or Aram Naharaim.
Nahor, Nachor, or Naghor (Heb. נָחֹור Naḥor) in the account of Terah's family, mentioned in Gen.11:26-32, Nahor II is listed as the son of Terah, amongst two other brothers, Abram and Haran. His grandfather was Nahor I, son of Serug. Nahor married the daughter of his brother Haran, Milcah, his niece. They were all born and raised in the city of Ur. When Abram, had an encounter with God, this brother directed his family to leave their native land and go to the land of Canaan. Terah, their father, coordinated the gathering of his family to journey west to their destination. They followed the Euphrates River, with their herds, to the Padan-Aram region. This was about halfway along the Fertile Crescent between Mesopotamia and the Mediterranean, in what is now southeastern Turkey. In this region, Nahor and his family settled except for his brother Haran, who had died sometime ago back in Ur. The city where they settled, Haran, is the place that Nahor's father eventually died.
Lot (Hebrew: לוֹט, Modern Lot Tiberian Lôṭ ; "veil"; "hidden, covered") is a character from the Book of Genesis chapters 11-14 and 19, in the Hebrew Bible. Notable episodes in his life include his travels with his uncle Abram (Abraham, the Patriarch of Israel); his flight from the Kingdom of Sodom, in the course of which Lot's wife looked back and turned into a pillar of salt; and the seduction by his daughters so that they could bear children.
Nah, istri Abraham yang bernama Keturah inilah yang menurunkan suku2 yang membawa agama-agama yang menganut Tritheism. Keturah sendiri di India dikenal dengan nama Saraswati.
Agama Hindu diperkirakan muncul antara tahun 3102 SM sampai 1300 SM.
Abraham:
Born: 1948 Anno Mundi (early 2nd millennium BCE) Mesopotamia (Irak)
Abraham itu 1948 Anno Mundi (early 2nd millennium BCE) Mesopotamia (Irak), 2000 tahun SEBELUM MASEHI, sedangkan HINDU BERKEMBANG PADA 1300 SEBELUM MASEHI,
Jadi, Abraham 700 tahun SEBELUM HINDU ADA!
Walaupun begitu, sejarah duniapun tidak tercatat secara tepat tahunnya, sehingga kesimpulan sementara memakai sejarah Yahudi dulu, sebab rentang waktu yang ditawarkan oleh sejarah dunia terlalu panjang, ribuan tahun dalam ketidakjelasan
btw, bukan hanya tritheism yang ada dalam Hindu, Kisah Nabi Nuh juga:
Air bah
Kisah mengenai air bah yang terkenal, terdapat dalam berbagai mitologi dari bermacam-macam kebudayaan dunia, seperti Yunani, Yahudi, dan lain-lain. Kisah tersebut juga terdapat dalam mitologi Hindu. Dalam mitologi Hindu, bencana air bah pertama kali terjadi dalam sejarah manusia pada masa Satya Yuga. Pada masa tersebut bertahtalah Maharaja Manu, seorang Raja yang bijaksana dan suci. Manu mendapat pesan dari Dewa Wisnu dalam wujud Matsya (ikan besar), agar segera membuat bahtera karena bencana air bah akan datang. Manu pun mengikuti amanat tersebut. Bahtera tersebut diisi beragam jenis binatang yang jumlahnya masing-masing sepasang (betina-jantan), dan tak lupa beliau turut menyelamatkan tumbuh-tumbuhan ke dalam bahtera.
Tetapi menurut Wiki sangat cocok dengan sejarah Yahudi:
Hinduism grew out of the Vedas, the oldest of which is the Rigveda, dated to 1700–1100 BCE.
Sedangkan Abraham 2000 BCE
Sangat cocok kalo:
Abraham 700 tahun SEBELUM HINDU ADA
Sedangkan Zoroaster juga mewarisi "tradisi Abraham"
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Zoroastrianism (zɒroʊˈæstri.ənɪzəm) is a religion and philosophy based on the teachings of prophet Zoroaster (also known as Zarathustra, in Avestan) and was formerly among the world's largest religions. It was probably founded some time before the 6th century BCE in Persia (Iran). The term Zoroastrianism is, in general usage, essentially synonymous with Mazdaism (the worship of Ahura Mazda, exalted by Zoroaster as the supreme divine authority).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoroastrianism
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Abraham:
Born: 1948 Anno Mundi (early 2nd millennium BCE) Mesopotamia (Irak)
Abraham 2000 BCE, lebih dahulu 1400 tahun dari Zarathustra, pendiri Zoroaster
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Istri: Sara, Hagar, Ketura
Keturah:
Keturah or Ketura (Hebrew: קְטוּרָה, Modern Ktura Tiberian Qəṭûrā ; "Incense"). In the eighteenth century, some writers believed that Keturah was the ancestor of African peoples, thereby explaining the similarities between some African and Jewish customs. Olaudah Equiano cites John Gill's claim to this effect in his Interesting Narrative.
Reb Yakov Leib HaKohain states (as part of Donmeh West teaching) that the children of Keturah moved Eastwards and were ancestors to the religions of Hinduism, Buddhism and Shinto, which then should be counted as Abrahamic religions.
Zimran
Zimran (Hebrew: זִמְרָן ; "vine dresser; celebrated; song;"), also known as Zambran. "Abraham contrived to settle them in colonies; and they took possession of Troglodytis and the country of Happy Arabia, as far as it reaches to the Red Sea." Abraham, in all probability, tried to keep them apart from Isaac to avoid conflict while fulfilling God's commission to spread out and inhabit the globe. For such reasons Zimran has also been tentatively identified by some with the Arabian town of Zabran, between Meeca and Medina.
Son: Abihen, Molich, Narim
Keturunan Abraham melalui Keturah lah yang menurunkan agama-agama yang mirip dengan Yahudi, melalui Abihen, Molich, Narim yang tersebar di Timur Tengah, Afrika dan Asia
http://forumkristen.com/komunitas/index.php?topic=34473.msg409910#msg409910
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